Analyse zu Kosten für Material und Einbau von Wärmepumpen in Deutschland und ausgewählten EU-Mitgliedstaaten

Dritte wissenschaftliche Begleitung von BMWK-Maßnahmen zur Umsetzung einer Wärmepumpen-Offensive - Ergebnisbericht

Authors: Peter Mellwig, Florian Maiwald, Julia Lawrenz, Christina Boberach, Benedikt Empl, Bert Oschatz, Bettina Mailach, Marek Miara, Thore Oltersdorf

The costs of materials and installation for heat pumps in Germany rose significantly between 2017 and 2023.1 Various theories have been put forward regarding the reasons for this cost increase. This report evaluates the costs of heat pump projects from 2017 to 2023 using both a broad-based and an in-depth analysis.

The broad analysis is based on over 299,000 funding cases from the relevant programmes of the Federal Office for Economic Affairs and Export Control (BAFA). The aim of the broad analysis is to illustrate the cost development of heat pumps on the basis of a broad empirical data set. It enables the identification of long-term trends and, to a certain extent, the identification of causes for the cost differences. 

For the in-depth analysis, 140 individual invoices from heat pump projects were evaluated. The aim is to present the costs of individual components and to identify their impact on the total costs. 

The results of the broad and in-depth analyses are compared with heat pump costs in five European countries. This comparison highlights general trends affecting all countries, as well as differing factors influencing heat pump costs in the individual countries. The aim is to identify possible causes for the cost development of heat pumps in Germany. In doing so, influencing factors are examined comprehensively and their potential to influence total costs is qualitatively identified.

Report in German.