eNRMM

Regulatory opportunities for extensive electrification in mobile machinery and equipment, recreational craft, and powered two-wheelers

Authors: Christoph Heidt, Dominik Räder, Hinrich Helms, Esther Kummetz, Konstantin Weller, Johann Friedrich Absenger, Stephan Schmidt, Hans-Jürgen Schacht, Eamonn Mulholland, Felipe Rodriguez, Lingzhi Jin

Many small and medium-sized non-road mobile machines (NRMM) can be electrified by 2050 from a technical standpoint. For large machines with high power requirements, however, limitations remain. The study therefore recommends a combination of electrification, targeted regulatory incentives, and the use of renewable fuels for applications that are difficult to electrify. Specific regulatory options under discussion include phased zero-emission quotas (ZEV mandates) and flexible credit systems.